Wednesday, May 3, 2017

Chicken Dissection

In the drumstick of the chicken are the tibia and fibula. The tibia has tendons attached to the end of it that are then attached to the muscles of the leg. When a muscle contracts, it pulls on the tendons that then move the bone. The bone is used to support the structure of the leg and aid in movement. The muscle facilitates this movement and the tendon connects the two so the muscle can move the bone. A ligament, on the other hand, connects two bones together and is used for supporting the skeleton. At the end of the bone, at the ankle, there was a cartilage cap covering it. This is to allow smooth, painless movement between bones.
The origin is where the muscle starts with a tendon and is immobile. The insertion is the end of the muscle and is the end that moves. In the chicken's upper wing the biceps brachii originates from the shoulder and moves the lower arm. It inserts and moves the lower wing.
On the back, the latissimus dorsi pulls the shoulders back. In Chickens and birds this aids in wing movement and flight. In humans, this would help in swimming or pull ups. Another similarity is the pectoralis major. The birds have un-proportionally large pecs, but they both aid in pushing the arms. Once again this aids in wing movement. Finally, the trapezius is similar between the two species. In birds, this is used for recovering and moving the wings in flight. In humans, it helps to shrug the shoulders.
Pectoralis minor (medial)- attached to the shoulder and aids in wing movement for recovery of stroke in flight
Pectoralis major(superficial)- Power flight by pulling wings

dorsal side
Trapezius (superior)- attached to shoulder and pull shoulder back and shrugs shoulders
Latissimus dorsi (inferior)- connects the back to the arm. Extend the arm

drumstick (top to bottom of picture)
Gastrocnemius - extend foot, flex lower leg
peroneus longus- extend foot
Tibialis anterior- flex foot

top- biceps brachii- flex
bottom- triceps humeralis- extend wing
forearm
below- brachioradialis- retraction

proximal to 'thumb' claw- flexor carpi ulnaris- flex hand
proximal to that- Deltoid- raise wing
Thigh (Top to bottom of picture)
quadriceps - extend thigh
semitendinosus- extend thigh
semimembranosus-  extend thigh
biceps femoris- flex leg
Iliotibialis- extend thigh and flex leg
sartorius- flex thigh and cross legs



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